Dried deer hide is soaked in water for 2 days, then washed in soapy water. Hair and flesh are removed with an unhairing tool, thicker hair is clipped, and the hide again washed. The hide is then attached to a post and wrung out using a stick passed through a loop in the hide. Next the hide is soaked in warm water containing previously dried deer brains, other animal brains, or egg white. After this, it is stretched on a wooden frame and worked with a wooden stretching tool and an iron fleshing tool while the cords are tightened. This produces a white, soft hide which is then sewn into a cylinder and hung over a smoky wood fire in a bucket. The grain side is smoked for 15 minutes and the flesh side for 20 minutes.