Following investigations of archaeological sites at Aïr (in the northeast of Niger) by J.-P Roset, 42 pottery sherds, enclosed in radiocarbon dated strata were the object of a petrological study by the author. These pottery sherds, which have been dated from the tenth millenium BP, proceed from two archaeological sites: Tagalagal and Adrar Bous field 10. The microscopical structure shows that vegetable remains are minimal in the clay phase. With regard to technology, these ceramics, though rather rough, already show a real mastery of pottery working techniques. -- AATA