During his second period of duty in India from 1903 to 1914, Brigadier-General Herbert Colborne Nanton of the Royal Engineers was presented with a collection of Indian arms by the Maharajah of Cooch Behar, a frontier state in northeastern Bengal. Two of these Nanton family heirlooms, a knife and a sword with a scabbard, recently underwent treatment in the Art Conservation programme at Queen's University. The style and construction of the knife identify it as an Afghan or Khyber knife, decorated on both sides and top of the blade with an Indian metal inlay technique known as koftgari. The second weapon can be classified as a talwar with a Persian blade made of watered steel and an Indian hilt also decorated with koftgari inlay. The history of both types of arms is closely linked to the establishment and spread of the Mughal Empire in India during the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries. Although the conservation of the knife was straightforward, the removal of extensive iron corrosion on the hilt and blade of the sword required the use of a citric acid gel treatment and spot electrolysis. The success of the gel treatment recommends it for further experimentation as a potential method for the removal of iron corrosion on inlaid metal artifacts.