The application of synchrotron radiation to the X-ray Fluorescene (XRF) analysis of cultural properties greatly improves its analytical sensitivity because of the high intensity, polarization, and the tunability of the wavelength. In this report, synchrotron radiation XRF was employed for chemical speciation of a clay figurine made in China in 4th c. A.D., an excavated fragment of Tenmoku ware, and ancient iron implements excavated in Japan. The results showed the usefulness of synchrotron radiation XRF for nondestructive analysis of archaeological objects and for in two dimensional chemical state mapping. As the spatial resolution of SR X-ray fluorescence is fine enough for archaeometric analysis, it can be used in the microprobe analyses of the chemical state of an element as well as the analysis of chemical composition of archaeological objects. Damage of samples due to X-ray irradiation was not observed in any samples used. The SR facility also allows the analysis of large artifacts such as sculptures, paintings, etc. This study shows that the Synchrotron Radiation is an ideal light source for XRF analysis for archaeological objects.