Totally non-destructive spectroscopic procedures developed in the laboratory of the authors will be presented. The utilized techniques are Fiber Optics Reflectance Spectroscopy and Image Spectroscopy, both in the visible and in the near infrared range. The interplay of the two techniques and the importance of using them in close connection with the restorer will be stressed. The main purposes are: I) identification of pigments and alteration products; ii) evaluation of the distribution of the different materials on the artwork; iii) monitoring of color changes induced by the environment with time. Several examples of application to actual artworks of the Middle Age and Florentine Renaissance will be reported.