The House of Menander being one of the best preserved and most representative of the ancient Pompeiian houses was selected by the Soprintendenza as the site in which to start new excavations, structural repairs and mural restoration, thus formulating a model for proper study, restoration and maintenance throughout Pompeii. This paper presents the condition of the peristyle garden wall before intervention, studies the causes of its deterioration, surveys its present state of preservation and indicates the treatment program being developed by both the architectural team and the mural team. It also points out the broader implications of the combining of technical and historical information for which a research and documentation system was designed. The growth of information about the technology of Roman mural painting may lead scholars to re-interpret primary texts.