Until recently, the neoclassic ideas of purism in architecture have not been explored regarding material, color or illusionistic painting. Therefore we must recall the close relationship between wallpainting and architectonic structure. The importance of results is demonstrated by connections between the developments of color in architecture in Italy and the northern countries from the 15th to the 19th centuries. Author's address: Bundesdenkmalamt, Restaurierwerkstätten, Arsenal, Obj. 15, Tor 4. A 1030 Wien, Austria.