The contamination of museum objects with residues from pesticide treatments presents a legal and moral issue for museum professionals and tribal communities. In recent years, tremendous effort has been devoted to devising more efficient ways to monitor and characterize pesticide contaminants on museum collections. Many approaches have been used to remove a variety of contaminants from a broad assortment of substrate surfaces. This article presents information that should be considered prior to selecting a removal treatment. It also identifies many of the approaches that can be used on cultural objects as well as some that are currently being tested.