This article discusses the material dimensions of intangible heritage in terms of how this concept, and policies based on it, are being applied to Indigenous communities in Brazil. It highlights three current experiences of the preservation of Native cultural heritage: the <i>kusiwa</i> graphic tradition and related knowledge of the Wajãpi (Amapa); the rapids of the Jaguar’s Waterfall in the Upper Rio Negro and the mythical history they embody; and a network of named places that constitute the traditional territory of the Kisêdjê Indians of Mato Grosso.