Describes seven phases in the restoration of a large canvas by Caravaggio depicting “The Beheading of St. John the Baptist,” which was painted for the Cathedral of St. John, La Valletta, Malta. The phases included: 1) analysis of the painting’s condition; 2) history of restoration treatments prior to the one performed in the late 1990s at the Opificio delle Pietre Dure in Florence (Italy); 3) the issues that emerged after examination at the OPD laboratory; 4) cleaning methodology and choice of solvents; 5) choice of a new support and means of applying the adhesive used for lining; 6) innovative solutions for stretching the outsize canvas (520 cm x 127 cm); 7) the solution found for increasing the painting’s thermohygrometric inertia.