Cairo is distinguished by its rich architectural heritage. Deterioration of historic buildings can be attributed to three major factors: 1) lack of public concern for antiquities; 2) the environmental circumstances represented in accumulated dust, polluted air caused by traffic and industry, inadequate infrastructure, and humidity from subsoil water and rain; and 3) lack of government measures such as multiplicity of state departments, lodging of inhabitants in historic buildings, using these for incompatible activities, and limited resources for restoration. To overcome this situation, the author proposes an awakening of public awareness through mass media and an arousal of interest in Islamic architectural studies at the schools of architecture. On the governmental level, the documentation center and the engineering department should be consolidated to preserve the urban fabric by determining standards for rehabilitation of historic areas and transforming all historic districts into pedestrian zones.