The Somerset Levels are a unique landscape in southern England; archaeological, environmental, and conservation studies have all been developed in response to the unusual opportunities offered to scientists. Peat deposits in part of the levels have been cut for burning since 1100 AD, exposing older and deeper peats in which there often occur traces of human activity. Two of the many sites are described in this paper, and the problems of conservation assessed for each of them. (See also AATA 21-41)