This article refers particularly to the policy of conserving the architecture of Africa south of the Sahara, and to the problems involved in its implementation. The main parts of this protection policy are as follows: 1) selection, classification, and restoration of traditional buildings; 2) dismantling and reassembling important examples of vernacular architecture in open air museums; 3) protection and preservation of urban buildings, provided for in urban development plans. Finally, the author writes about the traditional construction materials and methods of building typical circular or rectangular dwellings.