Some 40 sherds from the Inca period, now belonging to the collection of the Staatliche Museen Preußischer Kulturbesitz were studied by neutron activation analysis (NAA) and Mössbauer spectroscopy with the aim to combine the information from both methods. The results of the cluster analysis of the trace element contents are in general agreement with the known sites of origin. The few exceptions are confirmed by the Mössbauer results. Selected samples were refired in the laboratory by heating in air in steps of 50°C for 48 hours from room temperature to 1,200°C. The results show that the maximum firing temperatures were generally rather high, i.e., above 850°C and up to 1,000°C.