A considerable body of paintings on cloth has survived from the two and a half millennia prior to the Spanish conquest, much of it in the form of very large complete textiles in near perfect condition, a consequence of the dry conditions in which they were stored or buried in the arid coastal deserts of Peru. This article deals with the textile paintings created between about 800 and 1460 by the Huari, Chancay, and Chimu peoples. Their aesthetic value is emphasized. Tradition and techniques are also covered.