In order to evaluate the preservation status of the Terracotta Army of Qin Shihuang, the First Emperor of China, SEM, XRD, FT-IR and DTA-TGA were used for weathering studies of the Terracotta Army. By SEM the micro-structure differences between the interior and surface of terracotta samples were studied. And using XRD, the mineral differences between the samples' outer part and inner part were quantified. The results of FT-IR analysis showed the samples outcome by weathering and the damage of surface. DTA-TGA spectrum of the specimen also indicated little damage of exterior. By using a porosimeter, the weathering damage is determined to be harder on surface than in the interior part. All the analysis data show that the outer part of the Terracotta Army is evidencing deterioration, and the surface of Terracotta Army of Qin Shihuang needs further conservation. -- ICCROM