The case-bearing clothes moth, Tinea pellionella Linnaeus (Order: Lepidoptera; Family: Tineidae) has been observed to be the most common pest damaging fabrics (particularly woolen textiles and carpets) in museums in India. The biology and food preferences of the pest were studied in detail and it was observed that in its larval and adult stages, it thrives almost completely on wool but may feed on dried fish and occasionally on leather. The damage brought about on woolen fabrics is enormous due to its quick succession of generations and the voracious feeding activity of the larvae. -- AATA