Sustainability has become an important factor for industries around the world. As one of the more water, chemical and energy intensive industries, indigo dyeing and garment processing is certainly no exception. Sustainability begins with the design of the product, which takes into consideration the choice of fiber, yarn, fabric, dye, fabric finishing, and garment processing. Meeting governmental and customer effluent emission standards have been major considerations for a sustainable business model. As global warming and fresh water scarcity moves into the forefront of the news, consumers and brands are increasingly demanding “green” alternatives. Going forward, producing fashionable garments in a sustainable manner will become a major factor in sourcing decisions for brands and retailers much like worker safety, fair labor practices and effluent treatment is today. The goal of sustainable garment processing is the production of garments, which meet aesthetic, quality, and cost requirements of the customer while utilizing the absolute minimum of water, energy, economic, and human resources. Resulting in the reduction of the quantity and environmental impact of the waste stream generated while improving commercial success for all parties. The objective of this report is to provide an overview of techniques and technology currently in use and being developed to yield significant reductions in water, energy, and environmental impact in production settings.