Malachite and azurite are two kinds of oxide copper ores, but there is a lot of malachite or azurite in the corrosion products of the bronze vessels. In many Neolithic sites malachite and azurite are often discovered. It is difficult to confirm that malachite and azurite from the archaeological sites are natural oxide copper ores or corrosion products of the bronze vessels by naked eye or experience. This problem was solved by the use of ICP-AES and petrographic analysis as described in this paper, and the result could help us to explore the origin of copper metallurgy. -- ICCROM