The one-bath two-step combined process described in this work produced acceptable whiteness and size removal as demonstrated by the screening tests for compatibility. In a pilot plant trial, the TBBC-based combined process produced good whiteness that was comparable to conventional desize, scour and bleach process but with substantially reduced fiber damage and substantially reduced consumption of energy, water and time. In terms of energy and environmental issues caused by conventional peroxide bleaching, the one-bath two-step combined process described in this work appears to be a relatively environmentally benign process. However, further studies are needed to determine the toxicity of TBBC and to optimize the cost to manufacture the activator, both of which are keys to commercial viability.