In the late 19th century, legislation was enacted to restore buildings as cultural propery. The architect conservators of this period were skilled in traditional techniques of carpentry, which did not date back earlier than the 16th century. Eventually they dismantled architectural monuments from the 8th to 14th centuries to analyze building techniques; but mistakes were made, some of which are identified. After World War II, the Training Course for Chief Architect Conservators in the Restoration Works of Cultural Propery was established. By 1971, the Japanese Association for the Conservation of Architectural Monuments (JACAM) was set up to stabilize the decreasing numbers of architect conservators and to provide training programs. These programs are described. For reference to entire proceedings, see AATA 22-201.