After a short history of the use of the leaf casting machine for paper repair, Futernick sets down the steps involved in the process. Hand casting and the vacuum table have been used in attempts to avoid a number of problems which arise in traditional machine casting (i.e., complete immersion of the paper in water is necessary). Also described is the most recent innovation: the use of a slightly modified suction table. He discusses the modifications to be made to the table, gives step-by-step instructions for the process, and describes a small transparent suction table constructed from plastic and glass.