The Library of Congress estimates that 77,000 books among their 13 million enter the endangered category each year. 25% of books in major libraries are beyond hope of ever being used again. A massive microfilming program has been proposed. The Commission on Preservation and Access is spearheading a campaign to raise $300 million for a national preservation effort. Causes of deterioration and preservation efforts in major libraries are reviewed. Advantages and limitations of deacidification are discussed. Publishers should be encouraged to consider longevity in paper choice. -- AATA