In recent years, microbial technology has attracted the attention of conservation scientists and has been widely applied in the field of conservation. Microbial technology can be regarded as the science and technology of using micro - organisms to produce useful materials. It is promising to build biotechnology - conservation system and make use of microbial technology to protect cultural heritage. This paper reviews and summarizes recent applications of microbial technology to make materials useful for the conservation of a few kinds of cultural heritage objects.