In order to get information on the polychrome layer structure and the pigments used in pottery excavated from West Han Dynasty tomb in Weishan, Shandong, pigment samples are examined by polarized light microscopy ( PLM) , cross - section, Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy with an attached energy – dispersive spectrometer (SEM - EDS). The result showed that cinnabar, red lead, Chinese Purple (Han Purple BaCuSi2O6), iron oxide, black iron oxide and white earth were used. The finding, for the first time, of Chinese Purple in objects from Shandong province expands the area of application of this pigment. In addition, the finding of blue particles of BaCu2 Si2O7 in Chinese Purple pigments, is also an important discovery.