The technology and use of infrared reflectography on paintings, objects, manuscripts, and graphic works on paper is described. Specifically, findings on 15th-and 16th-century Northern European paintings, early Italian paintings, later paintings by Ingres, Morisot, and Gifford, a Japanese wooden shrine (794-1185), an Indian miniature (1750), and a collage by Max Ernst are discussed and/or illustrated. -- AATA