Presents the options available when comtemplating the removal of concretions from artifacts. Blow by blow methodology is not discussed throughout. The choice of method and the technique employed in its application is subject to identification of material type and an assessment of individual artifact condition. No two artifacts from the same site should be considered to have the same condition even if they appear identical. In-depth discussion centers around direct flame heating and the potential uses of a nonexplosive demolition agent. This is not meant to suggest that they should take priority over other methods of removing concretion. The approach should be from the simple and straightforward to more involved methods. A number of alternative methods may be necessary to achieve satisfactory results. Initial identification may require exploratory exposure of the underlying material by one of the simpler methods. The individuality of artifacts and their condition dictates that deconcreting methods may need to be modified to suit particular requirements.