1943
Author
McCrone, Walter C.
Author Affiliation
McCrone Research Institute
Title Of Article Chaper
The Vinland map
Title Of Journal Book
Analytical chemistry
Volume
60
Issue
10
Pages
1009-1018
Collation
11 figs., 7 refs., 8 tables
Reference Bibliography
Includes bibliographical references
Language Of Text
English
Language Of Summary
English
Literature Type
Serial
Literature Level
Analytic
Abstract
The author describes the work carried on in his organization's laboratories to determine the authenticity of the <i>Vinland Map</i>, the property of Harvard University. The map had been bound between * 2Tartar Relations*1 and <i>speculeum historiale</i>, both of which were used to give values for the levels of pigment on documents of the * 2Vinland Map's*1 supposed period of production. Tests were carried out using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electron microprobe analysis, and polarized light microscopy. The tests showed the presence of titanium dioxide, in a granular anatase form similar to today's TiO<sub>2</sub> pigment, and at a level two orders of magnitude greater than that found in the other two documents. Since anatase is produced by calcination at 800-1000°C, a temperature range not achievable in the 15th century, the authenticity of the map is questionable. Tests of the ink's diffusion stain showed it to be a pigmented yellow material, unlike a normal aged ink stain, thus creating further doubt of the document's veracity. From this evidence the author concludes the <i>Vinland Map</i> is of 20th-century manufacture. -- AATA
Keywords
<i>Vinland Map</i> Pigment Authentication; Titanium dioxide Pigment Anatase AATA -- AATA
pub_id
1943