The librarian is confronted with short lived clay-laden wood pulp paper. Implications in repair and rebinding are discussed. One cannot differentiate visually between sound and unsound leathers. Some leather merchants will supply written guarantee for freedom from sulphuric acid. The author suggests that libraries perform simple book repairs to save money required by bookbinders. Some suggestions are given for cleaning and preservation. Calf, vellum, and goat skin last best if kept in the dark and under glass and must never be damp. Bookcases should never touch a wall. Vellum books should be kept with their backs inwards, as light embrittles them.