The early history of nailmaking, including the production of Roman nails, etc., is briefly described and a comprehensive review of the 19th century manufacture of nails, particularly in the West Midlands, is presented. A description of a nailer's shop is given and details of the nailer's block, anvil, and other tools are also given. The types of nails illustrated are Roman nails, hand-wrought nails, and cast nails. Some discussion of the 19th century nail trade is presented and background information regarding the home life of the nailer given. The history of the slitting mill, which had such an important effect on the hand-wrought nail trade, is briefly described and an old -- AATA